^^ cant really tell what i'm looking at there ?
is that the exhaust port?
i don't know why there is a flat gasket there, it wont do anything for the exhaust
there should be a round copper /seal gasket that sits inside the cutaway in the head,
the exhaust header pipe will seal off against it by compressing the copper seal/gasket, once the 2 flange bolts are tightened up.
The heads are cast like that around the exhaust outlet, as long as you have a mating face for the exhaust gasket you're good. The snapped exhaust stud is an issue but fixable
nah, most horizontal engines had the copper gasket, there was another type used when they first come out, a spiral wound fibre gasket
the exhaust port is the correct shape , standard CRF shape
the broken std should be able to be drilled, and re tapped